Uncategorized

Warwick Castle 1066

            This is the story of a traitor.  Not me, no.  I was loyal to my oaths.  But I stood by and watched the day my Lord made the decision to betray his oaths of fealty.  I stood by and watched the French inundate our country.  I did nothing to the men that shot the king in the eye like he was a perjurer.  This is the day, an ordinary day, that I chose my destiny, to say nothing in the face of adversity.  To stand by my Lord no matter what he is.

            I woke that morning and watched the thin beam of sunlight creep from my window across the stone floor of my chamber.   As I pulled my blankets tighter around me, I could see the dust motes floating in the patch of yellow sun.  The minstrels in the great hall last night had been excellent, but such a late night made too early a morning.  My body ached as I fought to open my eyes.  I pushed back the wool covers from my bed and put my feet on the cold stone floor.  It was time to relieve the other Knights on duty, the ones who had been manning the walls all night under the cold, starlit sky.

A chair stood in the far corner of the room, simple and wooden with a rope seat.  Flung across the back were piles of blue, brown, and cream.  I pulled my linen shirt over my head and tied the waist of my braies tight.  Next I reached for my brown tunic, the wool rough between my fingers, as I pulled it on, followed my blue supertunic, whose weight settled on my shoulders like the heft of duty.   I slung the quiver of arrows, reposing at the foot of my bed,  over my back, grabbed my bow and leather breastplate, and pushed open the wooden door.

My first stop was the ganderrobe for a piss break.  The small room was undecorated, and boards lined the walls, holes cut into them, leading to darkness down below.  The smell was an eye-opener in the morning.

When I was finished, I thought I’d see if I could sneak into the buttery without anyone noticing.  There is nothing better on a cold morning than swig of ale, especially when it’s contraband.  I peeked into the kitchen, and there were people everywhere.   Men and women in crude wool chopped vegetables, turned spits over the fire, and carried buckets of water back and forth.  The butler was nowhere to be seen, which meant he was probably inventorying the ale.  The small room would be filled to the ceiling with stacked barrels, a spigot stuck in one or two.  I thought about trying to sneak in anyway, but when I looked at the people everywhere, I decided to forget the idea.   Previous exploits like the one in which the butler chased me out of the pantry with a very hard, empty, metal flagon, had taught me when to try and when to leave it.  Instead, my mouth still wishing for the acrid, watery taste of ale, I walked through the empty great hall.  Red and gold banners flew overhead from the brown beamed ceiling; the coffered paneling on the walls caught the morning sunlight.  There was no trace of the raucous minstrels who performed the night before, nor the feast that accompanied it.  It was wide and vast, and my heels echoed as I walked across the stone floor.

I pushed open the door to the barbican, moving past the walls of the Chemise before my feet reached the vast field of barbican grass.  To my left, the keep rose high in the morning sun, a beam of light making the white tower appear in black relief over the bright morning sky.  I strode across the grass, entered the guard tower, and began to climb the stairs.

When I opened the door to the barbican gatehouse, the bright light of morning greeted my eyes again, and a slight breeze tickled my face.  Giles and Hobart were already there.  Giles was stretched across the floor of the guard house, his back supported on the crenellation wall, its stone teeth, merlons, rising above his head.  Hobart looked out on the village.  He leaned on his elbows, propped between two merlons.  Both turned to look at me as I opened the door, the hinges squeaking as I stepped through.

“Well, there he finally is.”  Giles said, “Last one here, as usual.  What kept you this morning?”

“Wouldn’t you like to know,” I winked.  Both of them grinned back at me.

“Don’t get too cozy with that serving maid,” said Hobart.  “Word is, we might be moving out soon.”

“What?” I leaned my bow against a merlon and sat down next to Giles.

“Yeah, Saul was in the Solar when the message came,” said Hobart.

“What was Saul doing in the family’s private quarters?” I asked.

“It’s his turn for Guard Duty.  But what’s important is, it looks like King Harold got a demand from William of Normandy to pay homage to him.  I don’t think that’s happening any time soon, and apparently neither does Harold.  He’s amassing an army, and we’ve been called to go.”

Giles and I looked at each other.

“Don’t you care that we’re finally going to be seeing some real action?”  said Hobart.

“I, for one, am thrilled,” Giles interjected.  “It’s been too long since I’ve felt that bone-crunching, teeth chattering high of battle.”  He gave a satisfied sigh.

I was looking forward to it too.  I could see the whole thing in my mind’s eye.  The troops mounted on horseback, gathering on the green grass of the bailey, great seas of red and yellow banners streaming in the wind.  The men bobbing slightly as their horses shifted positions, their metal armor glistening in the sun, surrounded by the white walls of the enceinte.  The king would give the order, and then we would all be off, wending our way through the gatehouse, the pointed ends of the portcullis looking down on us like spears.  We would ride down the drawbridge to glory.  It was a breathtaking idea.

“You said Saul overheard it, right?” I asked. “That means it’s not real information yet.  The Lord hasn’t called us to mount up.”

“What of it,” said Hobart.  “It happened, we’re being called.”

“I believe you.”  I told him.  “I’m just saying, don’t depend on it until it’s happened.  I’ll be excited about it when we ride.”

Giles slapped me on the back.  “By God, you are a realist” he told me.  “I’m with Hobie there.  I’m itching for anything that isn’t eat, sleep, and sit, all day every day.”

Hobart turned, “don’t go spreading it around.  I told Saul I wouldn’t tell anyone.”

Giles winked at me.  “Don’t worry, you’re secret’s safe with us.”

I stood up and placed my hand over my heart.  “On my honor, Good Sir.”

Hobart rolled his eyes and went back to watching the road.

We sat in the barbican gatehouse all morning, until the sun had risen high over the treetops, to the middle of the sky.  The view was beautiful.  Around us, the glistening blue moat paralleled the white walls of the castle.  The village stretched below us to the left.  To the right, there was nothing but treetops, waving in the breeze.  The cold breeze didn’t penetrate through the wool of my tunics, and the light of the sun was pleasant.  It baked the stone under my body like bread, newly removed from the oven.  It almost made a morning without ale worth it.

“Hey!  Look alive, you two.”  Hobart finally called.  “There’s a group coming up the road.”

Giles and I both stood up and peered through the crenellations. Four men were riding up the road, their massive black horses standing out in stark contrast to the green of the countryside.  None of the men wore livery.

“Pull the Portcullis down” I told Giles. “We don’t know who they are.”

Giles reached for the lever and lowered the iron grate across the opening of the gatehouse.  The men rode slowly closer, and as they approached, we could see the golden lions on their red collars.  They weren’t completely without livery, it seemed.  Still, the heraldry was unknown to me.  Neither Giles nor Hobart had seen it either.

As soon as the men were within shouting distance, Hobart let out a yell.  “What Ho!” He shouted.

“What Ho!”  The men shouted in return.  “We come en Paix.”

“Don’t raise the portcullis yet.”  Hobart said.  Giles nodded.

“That was not English.”  I said.  “Well, maybe it was English, but it wasn’t Englishmen’s English.”

“I think they’re French.”  Giles said.  “It sounds like the accent.”

I grabbed my bow and notched an arrow onto the string, although I didn’t draw.

When they rode closer, we could see that Giles was right. They stopped just outside the range of the Meutrieres.  They must have known they were in no danger of boiling oil.  After all, they were not an attacking army.  Still, they stood clear, just out of the range of my arrow.

“Bonjour,” the man at the head of the group called to us.  His supertunic was read, and his tunic yellow to match the colors of the lions on his collar.  A pointed beard reached down his chest and a sword lopped over the right side of his saddle.  He held up his black gloved hands as he spoke, dropping his reins and letting his gigantic horse to its own devices.  “There are only four of us poor travelers.  Would you give us lodging for the night?”  He asked in a heavy accent.

“You are not on a pilgrimage.” Hobart told him.  “We know from your accent that you are French.  What brings you to our island?”

“I am willing to explain everything to your Lord,” the man said. “We are but poor travelers seeking hospitality.  Is it not the nature of your country to welcome strangers?”

Hobart looked at the four of them for a moment.  “With whom am I speaking?” He asked.

“Christophe of Normandy,” he answered, “and these men are Bruno, Alaric, and Roche, also of Normandy.”

“Giles,” Hobart said quietly, “go ask for hospitality for them.”

Giles quickly swung the door to the tower open and then slammed it shut again.  The tapping sound of his boots on the wooden stairs faded into the distance.  Soon, we could see him running across the green grass of the ward and into the hall.

Hobart and I looked at each other, the unspoken word hanging in the air between us: Normandy.

“We must be sure we have room for you all.”  Hobart called down to them.  “It will be just a moment.”

“We will wait.”  Christophe said.  “We do not wish to inconvenience you.  Still, I believe you will find it to your advantage to give us bed and sup tonight.”

“We are only the poor gatemen.”  I said.  “Our Lord decides what is to his advantage, we only guard the door.”

Christophe bowed.  The four men below us began to talk amongst themselves, but we couldn’t hear them from our perch on the wall.

When Giles came back, he didn’t even bother to climb the tower stairs.  “Let them in!” he called.  “The Lord says to let them in.”  He was out of breath.

I turned to the group and cupped my hands over my mouth.  “Sir Christophe!  We welcome you to Warwick Castle.”

The four black horses rode up the drawbridge as Hobart and I pulled the portcullis back into its usual position above the gatehouse.  The hooves of the horses clicked and echoed as they trotted through the gate and into the ward beyond.  By the time they had trotted to the stables, Giles had made it up the stairs.  The three of us watched as they dismounted and strode inside the hall.

Within a few hours, the four strange men were saddling up again.  They waved their hands to us as they galloped past the Curtain Walls, and disappeared into the trees like black streaks.

Hobart smiled for the first time in hours. “They were out of here quick, dirty Frenchmen.  Just you watch, Lord Thorkell will announce it at dinner.  We’ll be saddling up by the end of the week.”

I wasn’t so sure, but I didn’t want to argue.  The afternoon sun made the shadows long across the ward.  It was too nice a day for a fight.

We were relieved of our duty a few hours before dusk.  I went back to my room to wash my face and hands before dinner.  The room was filled with the soft, warm light of afternoon.  I threw my leather armor to the foot of my bed, and propped my bow and quiver on the wall beside it.  On a small table next to the bed, a pitcher of water stood next to a brown ceramic bowl.  The water was cold as I splashed it over my face and quickly washed the dirt out of my fingernails. When I was finished, I made my way back to the great hall.

I could hear the noise before I entered the room: a general hum of people talking, a laugh breaking out over the din.  When I stepped through the door, the scene was completely different from this morning. Torches lined the wall, throwing their flickering light across the golden coffers of the walls.  Tables lined the room, forming a square around the perimeter.  At the top end of the hall stood a raised platform.  The table was festooned with lavish tablecloths, and cushioned chairs.  Gold and glass gleamed at each place setting.  Banners draped the walls behind it.  In each red banner, a muzzled bear stood next to a sapling, and yellow crosses lined the sides.  The center seat was empty; the Lord had not arrived.

At the lower end of the hall, the tables were of crude, rough wood.  A single wooden truncheon appeared at each place setting.  Each servant sitting at that end had provided their own wooden mug to drink out of.  Behind them, carved wooden screens hid the opening to the kitchen, pantry, and buttery beyond.

I took my place on the right side of the hall, about half way down the benches.  I stepped over the long, sturdy, wooden bench to sit down next to Saul and Hobart.

Just then, Lord Thorkell entered the room.  He walked to the front of the Dais and held his hands up to speak.  The embroidered sleeves of his orange supertunic swayed.

Lord Thorkell’s voice boomed through the hall, echoing across the diners.  “As some of you may have heard, there are rumors that King Harold is amassing an army to repel a Normand invasion.  I am here to tell you that there is no threat.  There will be no French invasion.”

Beside me, Saul made an angry movement.  “What?!” he whispered.

“That is right.”  Thorkell continued. “I have privileged information.  I say it again.  There will be no French invasion.  You all will not worry, and you all will continue about your normal routine.”  He lowered his hands.  “The meal may now begin.”

Servers began pouring out from behind the embroidered screens, each carrying a dish of steaming food.  Platters of meats drowned in heavy sauces made their way to the top of the dais first, and then boiled vegetables.  Next, a roast was placed in front of me.  The last servers brought out pots of porridge for the lower table as I cut a hunk off the roast and began to eat.

Beside me, Saul did not reach for the meat.  Instead, he sat staring through the hall.

When dinner was finished, I made my way back to my room.  I opened the door and gave a start.  Saul sat on my bed, staring out the window in the darkness.  His hands were folded across his lap.  A traveling pack and his bow were propped next to him.  He turned as I entered.

“Good God, man! You scared the daylights out of me.” I told him.

He stood up.  “You are an upstanding man, are you not?”  He asked me earnestly, as if he had not heard me.

“I like to think of myself that way.”  I said.

“I need to confide in someone.” Saul said, “Someone who will keep a secret.  I know Hobart told you about what I overheard yesterday.”

“Be calm, man.” I said.

He looked me straight in the eyes, his face full of seriousness.  “I cannot be calm, and nor will you when you hear what I have to say.  I was on Solar duty again today.  I heard what those Frenchmen said.  They promised Thorkell lands if he did not go to King Harold’s aid and let them invade. Our Lord is a faithless liar.”

I stared back at him in horror.

“I cannot stay here,” he said.  “I cannot stand by an oath of fealty to a man who does not value fealty.  I am leaving to offer King Harold my allegiance instead.  I am here because I wish you would come with me.”

I did not know what to say.  “Saul,” I began, “I… I don’t know what to tell you.  I understand your feelings, I wish you well.”

“You will not join me?” he asked.

“I don’t know.”

“We must leave tonight.  We can’t risk anyone finding out that we are leaving.”

“I… Can I think about it?” I finally asked him.

“Think fast.  I hope to sneak out the postern gate at midnight, and travel until dawn.   If you decide to come, meet me there.  I hope you will decide to come.  If more men are like Thorkell, Harold will need all the help he can get.  You are a good fighter.  If we travel together, we will be safe on the roads.”

“Thank you for your offer, Saul.”  I told him gently.  “I will think of it.  If I decide to come, I will meet you at the Postern.”

Saul nodded his assent, picked up his belongings, and walked out of my room.  I flopped down on the bed.

What do I do, I asked myself.  Saul was right, Thorkell did not value his oath to me as I valued mine to him.  I thought about this for a long time, until the moon rose high through the frames of my window.  And then I decided.  I did value my oaths.  I valued them enough to stand by a faithless liar, as Saul had called him.  I valued my oaths enough to thrust the visions of banners and glory from my mind and sit in the gatehouse for another boring day.

As I drifted off to sleep, I heard the hinge of a gate squeak, and the soft whinny of a horse.  I wished Saul well.

Bibliography:

Gies, Joseph and Frances. Life in a Medieval Castle. New York: Harper Collins, 1974. Print.

 

Mortimer, Ian. The Time Traveler’s Guide to Medieval England: A Handbook for Visitors to the Fourteenth Century. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2011. Print.

 

“Venture through the Ages.” History and Interesting Facts about Warwick Castle. Web. 10 May 2012. <http://www.warwick-castle.com/plan-your-day/history.aspx&gt;.

 

“Warwick Castle Facts and Timeline.” Warwick Castle Facts and Timeline. Web. 10 May 2012. <http://www.castles.me.uk/warwick-castle-facts-timeline.htm&gt;.

 

“Welcome.” Battle of Hastings. Web. 10 May 2012. <http://www.britishbattles.com/norman-conquest/battle-hastings.htm&gt;.

 

Categories: Uncategorized | Leave a comment

The Tide of American History

* I just wanted to include a quick disclaimer – I don’t really believe the argument that I put forth in this paper.  My teacher asked us to take all the evidence we had seen from 100 years of history, the stuff we had been studying in class, and put it all into one central paper with one argument.  This argument seemed the easiest to prove to me.  I often find that the stuff that’s easiest to prove is the stuff that isn’t always true, however.  I will be the first to admit that this paper takes an overly simplistic view of history, and that Americans are not, in fact, obsessed with supremacy.

***

          America is obsessed with supremacy.  From 1870 to 1970, America’s quest to be the best pervaded every aspect of the country’s growth. A small segment of the population insisted that the United States be the world leader technologically, morally and even militarily. Tragically, national supremacy for a few of America’s citizens was only achieved at the expense of the lives and livelihoods of thousands of others.  Supremacy came at high cost to the regular people living in the United States, a cost that was ultimately not worth the price.

            The quest for supremacy started during the American Industrial Revolution. Companies mechanized everything to achieve maximum productivity.  Upton Sinclair provides a clear picture of the supreme mechanization of industry in the second chapter of his book, The Jungle.  His characters take a tour of the Chicago stockyards, where men and machines labor together to can meat for the populace.  As the characters watch, hogs walk themselves up a ramp, but chutes and wheels eventually take over, propelling the pigs through a marvelous, shiny death trap. Efficiency is so great that “they use everything about the hog except the squeal.”[1] To many, this was a mark of progress, of the wonderful things American engineering could achieve.

The productivity of the Industrial Revolution fed directly into the lavishness of the Gilded Age.  Diamond Jim Brady was just one of the products of this era.  He used his knowledge of industry needs to become a millionaire, and then used his money for complete frivolity.  He had a diamond ascot pin and ring that, combined, contained over fifty carats.  In addition, Jim Brady was known for his eating habits.  He would push the table back exactly four inches from his stomach, and when his stomach touched the table, he was finished.  His estimated caloric intake was over 28,000 calories a day.[2]  The mechanization of American society allowed for the lavishness of American society and for men like Jim Brady to continue their luxurious lifestyle.

Unfortunately, not all Americans were able to participate in this opulence.  Instead, most were running the machines.  For example, the immigrant family depicted in The Jungle seeks to earn their living by joining in the great age of progress. They are defeated in every way: by injury, death of disease and exposure, and corrupt officials, until the few that are left alive are forced to live off money gained from prostitution.  Real life examples of the plight of the workers exist as well, such as the tragedy of the Triangle Shirtwaist Fire. Over 140 workers died of asphyxiation when a fire started, and they could not get out of the locked and crowded sweatshop they were working in.[3]  As depicted in the movie Modern Times, starring Charley Chaplin, the worker can slip into the machine and become, not a person anymore, but a giant cog in the works of progress. The number of human lives that were fed to the industrial age in the name of advancement is a tragedy.  Although industry is important to the modern age we enjoy today, slower and more regulated growth of industry would have saved lives, provided humane working conditions, and given us a healthier future.

The quest for American Supremacy continued in the rise of cities.  In the early part of the nineteenth century, America spent time and resources making its infrastructure into the best in the world.  Roads, housing, and public transportation such as subways and trolley lines grew up around the city so rapidly that within ten years cities were almost unrecognizable.  Corporations tried to outdo each other by building the biggest and most lavish buildings America had ever seen.  The Chrysler Corporation seemed to achieve the paragon of excellence when its 1046 foot tall building was completed in 1930.  Only eleven months later, the Empire State building opened its doors at 1250 feet tall, eclipsing everything that came before.[4]  The struggle for supremacy continued.

Unfortunately, this also came at a huge cost to the poor.  Cities were growing so rapidly that government services could not keep up.  Social services were few and far between, and there was no one to help poor families.  Sickness in a family, a run in with the law, or even a funeral could wipe out a whole family’s savings and find them living on the streets.  To ease the comfort of their difficult lives, they turned to men like politician George Washington Plunkitt of the corrupt New York Tammany Hall political machine.  These men would offer a type of social network for the people in their district in exchange for votes.  In the movie The Last Hurrah, we see politician Frank Skeffington, played by Spencer Tracy, provide mourners and food at a funeral, in addition to strong arming the funeral director into charging a lower price.  Skeffington also hires a mentally retarded man when no one else will, and sends food and support to sick immigrant families in his district.[5]

Although in some ways, these politicians helped ease the plight of the working poor, they were also horribly corrupt.  Men like Plunkitt, mentioned above, would hire unqualified people for city jobs, engaged in mass amounts of graft, extortion and corruption.  Although they claimed to represent the poor they were really common crooks, stealing even from the needy people they pretended to represent.  Without these corrupt “Bosses” running the city, more of the poor might have taken advantage of the charity houses that were springing up across the city and attempting to offer help and education to immigrants in these communities.  These institutions, run by women’s groups and churches, offered help to the poor without the extortion and graft practiced by the politicians.

America did not only desire to be superior technologically, but also morally.  In 1919, the Volstead Act, prohibiting the sale of alcohol, was written into the U.S. constitution.  It was thought that this “noble experiment” would change American society for the better.  Institutions such as the Women’s Christian Temperance Union made it seem like a moral imperative for Americans to support the movement toward Prohibition.  The powerful Anti-Saloon league made it politically unwise for anyone to oppose it.

Unfortunately, Prohibition was completely unsuccessful.  Instead, Americans tried for supremacy in the other direction: to be the best at debauchery.  By the time the 1920’s ended, New York had the most opulent clubs and the wildest nightlife.  Again, we can see Americans trying hard to outdo each other in the lavishness of the clubs.  “The Park Avenue Club, one of the city’s grandest nightclubs,… featured an octagonal bar and floor to ceiling mirrors.”[6]  Contrast this to the Country Club, which “featured a miniature golf course”[7], or the Marlborough House which “sported a pearl entry buzzer, silver leather banquettes, and a hammered brass ceiling,”[8] and it is easy to chart the one-upmanship happening all over New York.

This also came at a cost.  Prohibition did nothing to curtail the drinking of liquor, and instead allowed organized crime to run riot.  Underfunded, undertrained and underpaid Prohibition agents commonly took bribes to leave clubs alone.  On more than one occasion, when forced to act, they would shoot into crowds to stop criminals from escaping.  This usually killed innocent bystanders instead of their intended target.  In addition to corrupt officials, gangsters such as Al Capone gained huge amounts of cash and influence by smuggling bootlegged liquor throughout America.  Enforcement of the laws was also disproportionate, with poor people and immigrants facing the majority of the burden when they could not pay the bribes required by Prohibition Agents. “It is on the poor people [Prohibition] drives the hardest… Those that are rich can have what they want with no one to interfere with them.”[9]

The American quest for supremacy continued in the 1940s with the desire for military superiority.  After the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor, America had a vested interest in declaring war and proving to the world that they were more powerful than the Japanese military.  One of the most well-known battles of the war in the Pacific was the battle for Iwo Jima.  The decision to take this island was also motivated by the desire to show up others.  General George MacArthur had been kicked out of the Philippines years before and had declaired “I will return.”[10] Iwo Jima allowed him to fulfill this promise.  The Americans ultimately subdued Iwo Jima completely.  In addition, the battle became the defining moment for the valor of American Marines.  The photo of Marines raising the flag on Mount Suribachi circulated all over the country, cementing the future of the Marines as a branch of military service for the future, and adhering the knowledge of American bravery into the consciousness of the world.[11]

Although America eventually won this battle and also the war, this too was on the backs of regular Americans.  Full of jagged rocks, caves, and the horrible smell of sulfur, Iwo Jima was a veritable hell on earth.  It took the Marines more than a month of intense battle to clear the island completely.  They suffered a 95% Casualty rate. [12]  Iwo Jima was of doubtful strategic importance to the war and was never used as it was originally intended.  To justify the extreme casualty rate, the United States military came up with a secondary purpose for the war, claiming that having a landing base on Iwo Jima saved thousands of lives by allowing planes to make emergency landings.  Robert Burrell has been able to prove in his book Ghosts of Iwo Jima that these claims are completely false, and that the loss of life on Iwo Jima was completely unnecessary.[13]

The Cold War is another era of American History marked by America’s desire to be the best.  The United States had to prove its superiority to Russia, China, and any other country falling under communist regime.  Thus the great arms race started, with America desperately worried that a missile gap was growing between Russia and America, and that we would fall behind, losing our position as the best.[14] This can be seen in Stanley Kubrick’s film Dr. Strangelove.  The whole scenario of the movie takes place because the President has signed an order allowing others to order a nuclear attack in case a Russian nuclear first strike obliterated Washington.  The reason the order is given by Brigadier General Jack Ripper is because he wishes to demonstrate American superiority to the Russians in the first place.[15]  It is because of the American desire for omnipotence that the plot of the movie can take place at all.  Americans were far ahead of the Soviets technologically, the myth that the United States may be falling behind was clearly not true.

Although Dr. Strangelove paints a silly picture of the Cold War, the reality was much more serious.  This desire for military superiority created a state of fear for the entire American populace.  By placing Americans against Communists, fears such as those portrayed in the movie The Rack, that society had not prepared Americans to fight communist mind games, pervaded society.[16] In addition, rumors that a Soviet “doomsday bomb” seeded with cobalt would detonate and rid the world of all life were commonplace.[17]  Americans were living with the fear of death on a daily basis, and for reasons that were not very clear.

The history of America has been one of a struggle for supremacy.  America was ultimately able to achieve the ultimate authority she desired, but the costs were huge and disproportionate to the gains for society as a whole.  Any progress that depends on the lives and wellbeing of a huge swath of the population is not truly progress at all, but merely exploitation.  The history of the 1870s to the 1970s was characterized by such growth; national supremacy at the expense of individual subjugation.  As we can see from the examples presented above, America was eventually able to achieve technological, moral, and military superiority.  Hopefully in the future, leaders in America will see the damage this quest for power has done to those at the bottom, and take measures to protect its people in the future.


[1] Upton Sinclair, The Jungle, (Dover Publications, 2001), Kindle Edition, Locations 507-514

[2] Robert Slayton, lecture for “Great Issues in American History”, Chapman University, February 2, 2012

[3] Slayton, lecture for “American History”, February 2, 2012

[4] Slayton, lecture for “American History”, February 23, 2012

[5] The Last Hurrah, dir. by John Ford (1958, Columbia Pictures, DVD)

[6] Michael A. Lerner, Dry Manhattan: Prohibition In New York City,(Harvard University Press, 2008), Kindle Edition, Location 1773-77

[7] Lerner, Dry Manhattan, Location 1773-77

[8] Lerner, Dry Manhattan, Location 1773-77

[9] Lerner, Dry Manhattan, Location 1225-29

[10] Slayton, lecture for “American History”, April 19, 2012

[11] Robert Burrell, Ghosts Of Iwo Jima, (Texas A&M University Press, 2006), Page 157

[12]Slayton, lecture for “American History”, April 12, 2012

[13] Burrell, Iwo Jima

[14] Slayton, lecture for “American History”, May 10, 2012

[15] Dr. Strangelove, dir. by Stanley Kubrick (Columbia Pictures Corporation, 1964, DVD)

[16] The Rack, dir. by Arnold Laven (Metro Goldwyn Mayer Studios, 1956, DVD)

[17] Slayton, lecture for “American History”, May 10, 2012

Categories: Uncategorized | Leave a comment

Emer’s Diary

May 26, 1033

I went to the magic shop today, and the owner, Drand Oakenshield offered to rent me four hats of disguise if I put down a considerable deposit and had them back within 48 hours unharmed. I’ve been in there a couple of times since my first trip, mostly to drool at the items in the case, and we chat about the local happenings. It was good of him to do me this favor. I think with the hats and my spell of silence, we should get out of the university quite easily and completely pass for men once were at the races. It will be much less dangerous that way. The girls say that Madam Glerda is sound asleep by 10:30 every night, so we shall take our chances tomorrow evening!

 May 28, 1033

We had an epic time out last night. Truly, it was an evening for the poets and the song makers. Ananalie, Randa, and Smailey were the three that braved the city with me, and it was wonderful. We each adopted a teacher’s look to get out of the school, and then changed to four unknown youths, looking slightly like ourselves so we would recognize each other, but completely different at the same time.

We went to the Dog Racing first, at the arena two blocks from the university. The only women in the crowd were what Madam Samanda used to call “Working Girls”, suggestively attired, and hanging themselves across their man’s arm. The air was thick with cigar smoke, and the acrid smell of cheap beer and dog dung clung to everything. Smailey insisted on buying us all a beer, so we would look authentic and we settled down in the stands to watch. It was quite exciting, really. I could see how much more exiting it would be if you had money on the race, which of course none of us did. We cheered and yelled and slapped each other on the backs to our hearts content, like the crowd around us. The greyhounds were beautiful and lithe, racing around the track, and it could have been something I would have really enjoyed had the atmosphere been different. As it was, I had an exciting time.

When it came time to go to a tavern, they insisted on going to the Thirsty Zombie, the roughest one in town. We had dinner there at the bar, trying to keep our noses down, but looking around every once in a while to see what we could see. There was a man all in black who kept whispering things into his bag as he ate in the corner, and two small quick men who seemed to be everywhere at once, practically dimension dooring from this side of the room to the other. We decided to leave when a fight broke out near the door and the burly half-orc behind the counter had to break it up rather roughly, to the cheers and hollers of the other customers.

We were nearly caught sneaking back into the dorms. We had forgotten to switch ourselves back to teachers with the hats of disguise, and we just managed to duck into an empty classroom as Portho, the old door warden, did a midnight sweep of the halls. Other than that, our trip was quite successful. I hope the girls have the roaming spirit out of their hearts now. I don’t know if I have the desire to go again, though the first trip was all kinds of dangerous fun!

June 8, 1033

Today is the feast day of Corellian Lariethan, and it’s nice to be in a place that celebrates it again. At my home in the valley, where I lived with my parents, they always made much of this day. I almost feel like I’m back there and a child again, though it’s different. They have the marketplace festival, and the flags flying from many of the houses here, but you get the impression that it’s more about the excuse for a holiday than Corellian Lariethan himself. Still, it’s been a nice day. Annandale suspended classes (though he spent it in his office with the research books and not out in the city), and Lillias and I are planning to go dance in the square this evening. Any excuse to put on that burgundy dress is a good one!

Categories: Uncategorized | Tags: , , , , , , , , , , , , | Leave a comment

A Change in Format

I just don’t have time anymore to write little blurbs about my life and post them, especially when I’m trying to maintain my other blog about learning ASL, and going to school, and working, and trying to speak to my husband, expand my art skills, and try to write some fiction in my spare time (as if I had spare time to begin with).  My mother calls me her long lost daughter.  So I’ve decided I’m changing the format of this blog.

I have a lot of little bits and blurbs of fiction I’ve written, and I’m always attempting to write more.  Hopefully, if I have a regular post schedule and am keeping myself on track, I can write fiction more regularly.  I have three ideas for books in my head right now, so bits and blurbs of those will most likely be appearing.  I will attempt to update every Wednesday.

I’d like to include a quick disclaimer though… All the things posted will be rough drafts of works in progress and there will most certainly be inconsistencies and other problems throughout the writing.  Sorry, but it’s going to be par for the course if I’m writing as I go and change my mind or find out things don’t work etc… 

Thanks for reading!

Categories: Uncategorized | Leave a comment

Better Late Than Never…

Well, It’s been a while since I’ve blogged.  I feel a little bad about being a shirker, because I meant to do this once a week.  Cest la Vie, I guess. I’ve been running around like a chicken with my head cut off trying to work full time and go to school full time and also speak to my husband once in a while.  I usually do a post-commentary at the beginning of the year about how I did on the previous year’s Resolutions and make new ones, so here it is a little belated, in case you’re interested:

I managed to stay in school this year and do well with straight B’s.  That’s the best I’ve ever done, and I got so much out of it.  My new love is American Sign Language, we have a lot of fun in that class, just chatting without using our voices.  I’ve also discovered that I’m not the irresponsible child I used to be, and that was nice to know.

My car is alittle cleaner than it was last year.  The trunk is cleared out and the trash is mostly relegated to a bag in the back seat (notice I said mostly…) . 

I’ve been awfully good to Brian this year, and he’s been awfully good to me in return.  We’re always nice to each other, but this year we went above and beyond and I think we like each other even more than we have in years previous.  I think it’s nice to like your husband.

All in all, it’s been one of the best years of my life, if you don’t count the economic problems.  Things hit the Entertainment industry first and hardest, I think, and I’m definitely suffering from that. 

What do I want this year?

1. To take better care of myself.  I should go out and get haircuts when I want them, wear makeup sometimes, wear nice clothes, and brush twice a day like it’s recommended, instead of the once I always manage.  That stuff is important.

2. To Successfully complete ASL 4 at my college, that way I have career options.

3. To somehow be either making more money, or be on the road to making more money by the end of the year.  I know I’d feel a lot more secure if I knew I was getting a paycheck for the same  amount every week and could count on that income. 

4. To write more often.  It’s good therapy, and I like to know I’m keeping my hand in on being a creative girl. 

That’s a quick recap of my life this year.  I’ll try to do better about the bloging this year.  I have a little more time now that I’m not at work every spare second, and I need to devote myself to something useful.  It might as well be this.

Categories: Uncategorized | Leave a comment

Girl Stuff

I recently picked up The Daring Book For Girls in my local Costco, and I was completely delighted.  It’s like my whole childhood has been recorded in between the gilded blue covers of that book.  It’s missing a few things, of course, but it also covers a few things I never knew, (all about female pirates) or knew how to do.  (I now have my husband in paranoid suspicion that I will short-sheet the bed some night when I have to work late!)  In the spirit of that amazing book, I’ve decided to record some of the things I think would enrich a girl’s life, if she knew about them.  This is part one…

Fox and Goose is a game best played in the wet sand at low tide (it becomes very obvious who just stepped out of bounds), although if you have chalk and a big expanse of pavement that works too.  Fox and Goose is essentially a game of tag with boundaries.  The Fox is “it” and the Goose is everyone else who’s playing.  Like any game of tag, when the Fox tags a Goose, that Goose now becomes the Fox.  There’s never more than one Fox at a time.

Draw a giant circle on the ground.  Don’t forget that you’ll be running around this circle, so make it really huge- especially if you’re playing with a lot of people.  Draw another circle just inside the big circle to make a pathway where a line of people can run.  Draw a tiny circle in the middle of the pathway just big enough for a person to stand, and label this “FOX”.  Now connect the Fox’s den to the giant circle with a bunch of straight paths.  You should end up with a game board that looks a lot like a bicycle wheel turned on it’s side, like this:

scan.jpg

The Fox can ONLY run in the spokes of the wheel, or the small circle that’s her den.  The Geese can run anywhere on the game board, including the Fox’s den if she’s daring enough.  Anyone who steps out of bounds automatically becomes the Fox.  Otherwise, the rules are the same as for any regular game of tag.   Have fun playing!

Categories: Uncategorized | Tags: , , , , | 2 Comments

Garden Time

It’s been daylight savings time now for 17 hours and already I feel the sun baked vigor of summer creeping into my bones.  I planted a garden last week, quickly wiping the backyard of the air of death stagnating in the corners, left over from that cat corpse I found about a month ago.  It was strange and wonderful to me how quickly my backyard was transformed.  A couple of hours hard manual labor, a few tomato plants, and my backyard is no longer the city of weeds.  It’s a real backyard, where you want to have a party and barbecue, spend the afternoon sunning yourself, or spend another afternoon digging in the dirt. 

I have garden plans.  I’m putting a flower garden in the back corner of the yard, and I’m filling it with all sorts of amazing and beautiful plants.  Don’t ask me what those plants are yet, but it’s getting done and it will be spectacular.  I have decided.  My main problem right now is that it’s a shady spot that gets literally NO sun during the day, and I don’t like many shade plants.  There aren’t many shade plants to like, for that matter. 

I thought I had the black thumb of death, as far as plants are concerned.  Every living chlorophyll creature I’ve taken care of to date has died a crisp death of brownness in a rock-hard (yet attractive) pot.  I think I’m the only human being on earth who has ever killed a cactus.  His prickliness died a soggy death of over watering- overcompensation, perhaps, for my previous attempts at keeping things alive.  It may be a sign of my increased maturity that I can be responsible enough to water plants nearly every day, because I’ve had a beautiful pot of pansies since Valentine’s Day, and they are growing and thriving like no other plants I’ve ever owned.  Lovely.  Who knew I had it in me?

It’s nice to know this side of me is still there.  I used to love helping my mother out in the garden when my sister and I were youthful girls still living as a family with a parent or two, as the case may be.  Then I was only ephemerally responsible.  I could plant and dig to my heart’s desire and not have to keep anything alive.  That was someone else’s job.  I love it still, and my biggest disappointment is going out into the yard each day and seeing no visible changes since the day before.  When I really sit and think, things have grown a lot over time, it’s just hard to notice when you’re out there every day.  

If you need me I’ll be out in the sun, sweaty and mud flecked with a trowel in my hand.  Hopefully the plants will thrive for a little longer, and my black thumb of death will turn at least a vague shade of green.  We’ll see!

Categories: Uncategorized | Tags: , , , , | Leave a comment

Of Myths and Constellations

I have a guardian angel.  Well, OK, I guess he’s not exactly an angel, but he has been in the sky for thousands of years.  He’s one of the oldest men around.  Or oldest three men around, if you live in France or South Africa.  He also doubles as a canoe if you live in Australia.  Now how many men can you say that about?  He’s a smart handsome guy, and he doubles as a canoe!

But seriously.  Orion has been showing up in some strange places lately, and I love to think of him as my good luck charm.  Every location he’s shown up has been somehow injected with wonderful for me, and it’s nice to look at his off-kilter frame shining brightly in the deepest blue of the night sky and know that good things are happening. 

It’s funny, a few years ago I couldn’t pick Orion out of the sky if you paid me.  I could find the dippers, if you gave me a few minutes, and the Milky Way, if you took me to a dim enough location.  I remember one night, staring up at the millions of twinkling stars, cool dewy grass beneath my bare feet.  My mother, who seemed so tall and adult to me, pointing out the constellations she knew.  The crash-hush of the ocean played in the background as we stood between the two red ancestral houses and gazed at the sky.  I guess he must have been one of that bunch, but it wasn’t until I was practicaly an adult myself that I could point him out to anyone, as my mother had to me.

I started seeing him over Brian’s house when we were dating.  He hung out there, reposing lazily on his side over the roof of the house, twinkling and winking at me as I emerged from the car.  He’s sometimes over my mother’s house too, when I need a good cheer-up.  But right now, if you drove into my driveway, you would see how he shines like a beacon above my new little house.  I turned around the other night at work, waiting for the parade to come gliding in, and he was there too: directly in the path of the bright bulbed performers.  He had that look on his face too, the one where he seems imensly proud of himself.  Like he’s the cleverest thing around to have thought of being there, of all places.

It seems like I have been in a world of myths lately.  Between all the research my lovely husband has been doing, and all the fairy tales I’ve been reading, Orion arose at the perfect time.  The Greek Gods killed him for trying to rape Artemis a few ages ago, and I like to think that he’s trying to mend his ways now.  If he keeps watch over me, and assures that no harm comes to me, maybe his redemption will be forthcoming.  

 OK, OK, I know I’m a little insane sometimes.  I promise to lay off the fairy tales for a while.  But still, it’s a lovely thought, don’t you think? 

Categories: Uncategorized | Tags: , , , , , | Leave a comment

Resolve

What is it about the new year that’s so incredibly inticing?  It brings a wash of happiness to me every year as the clock strikes twelve and the bedlam erupts around me, a joyfull din.  I guess it’s that the new year brings so much promise with it, so much hope that the next one will be better than the last.  If I wasn’t afraid of tempting fate, I would say that anything is bound to be better than last year.  I compromised on every deal I ever made with myself, tried to sell my soul for money, almost lost everything I really care about, only to realize that none of this was neccisary in the first place.  Another year older, another year wiser, I guess.

I have a few New-Year’s resolutions this year, and I intend to tell you about them.  I think I will be more likely to keep them if there’s some record of my wishes.  It will be fun to see what takes off soaring, and what falls like a lead balloon.  The only one I can remember from last year was not biting my fingernails, and I accomplished that admirably until E. P.  started up again, and I lost every single fingernail to costuming emergencies.  Oh well, they went for a good cause.

This year I intend to:

  • Keep my car clean.  The poor thing, with a nickname like “trashmobile”, and nothing it can do about it except long silently for the vaccum.  This shoud change.
  • Appreciate the husband more.  He’s really such a wonderful fellow, and I don’t give him nearly enough credit for all his amazingness.  (yes dear, I know Amazingness isn’t strictly a word, Mr. English Major, but it applies to you just the same.)
  • Go back to school for real this time, and not just because my parents want me too, and that’s what girls my age do.

I think that’s just about it for now.  Of course I still intend to work insanely hard and be the best Lead that E. P.  has ever seen, but I like to list tangeable, measureable things as resolutions.  That way a girl can tell if she’s succeeding or not. 

Categories: Uncategorized | Tags: , , , | Leave a comment

I’m New To This

Do I realy have anything to say?  That is the prime question.   Brian, my excellent husband, and I were talking the other night about ordinary.  He says that ordinary uptight people like us have no future as writers because we simply have nothing to say that is interesting.  We have no strange bohemian experiences to relate, no tales of being stranded, no stories of our travels.  When we have a day off from work (which is never) we go to Disneyland or the movies without fail, when we go to a resteraunt we order the same exact thing on the menu that we always have, and we’ve only ever traveled to see family.

I don’t believe that living an ordinary life bars you from having something to say.  There are plenty of authors that write about everyday life as most of us live it.  Garrison Keilor and Louisa May Alcott, for two.  Everyone has an opinion, everyone has relationships, and everyone has experiences that are worth while.  No matter where you live your life or how many things you’ve seen.  Lack of experience does not make you any less of a human, or your life any less meaningful. 

This Blog is intended as an experiment.  To see how long I have something to relate.  I think I can keep going for quite a while, but you never know.  I guess we’ll all find out.

Categories: Uncategorized | Tags: , , , , , , | Leave a comment

Blog at WordPress.com.